PROFIL PERESEPAN PENGOBATAN INFEKSI PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK KEBIDANAN DAN KANDUNGAN RUMAH SAKIT CAHYA KAWALUYAN
Keywords:
anti-infectives, pregnant, infections, prescribing
Abstract
During pregnancy, women are more susceptible to infections due to hormonal changes and a weakened immune system. This study aims to determine the characteristics of maternal age, gestational age, gravida, diagnosis, and the profile of anti-infective prescriptions for pregnant women at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Clinic of Cahya Kawaluyan Hospital. This observational study utilized medical record data of pregnant women receiving outpatient anti-infective treatment during 2023. Using purposive sampling techniques, data were obtained from 44 patients who received anti-infective drugs according to inclusion criteria. The results showed that the majority of pregnant patients were aged 20-35 years (88.6%), with a gestational age of the third trimester (54.5%), and multigravida (56.8%). The most common diagnosis among pregnant women receiving anti-infective treatment was infectious diseases in pregnancy (code O98), accounting for 77.3%, with upper respiratory tract infections being the most frequent (50%). The most commonly used anti-infective drug was cefadroxil, reaching 47.73%, both as a single antibiotic and in combination with other antibiotics. Additionally, ceftriaxone 1 gram injection was often used for prophylaxis before delivery or other complicating conditions. According to the USA-FDA safety category for pregnant women, the most used category of drugs was Category B, accounting for 53.84%.
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[3] S. Chan and S. MA, “Infeksi pada Kehamilan,” National Library of Medicine, vol. 5, p. 232249, 2017.
[4] M. M. Jonathan A. Finkelstein, M. Maya Dutta-Linn, M. Robert Meyer, and P. M. Roberta Goldman, “Childhood infections, antibiotics, and resistance: what are parents saying now?,” National Library of Medicine, pp. 148–149, 2013.
[5] Crider et al., “Penggunaan obat antibakteri selama kehamilan dan risiko cacat lahir: Studi Pencegahan Cacat Lahir Nasional ,” Arsip Pediatri dan Kedokteran Remaja, vol. 11, pp. 978–985, 2009.
[6] Begona Martinez de Tejada, “ntibiotic Use and Misuse during Pregnancy and Delivery,” Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 118, pp. 7994–8001, Aug. 2014.
[7] J. Jurnal, I. Bidan, S. M. Corneles, and F. N. Losu, “Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Dengan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Kehamilan Risiko Tinggi”.
[8] “Hubungan Antara Paritas Dengan Kejadian Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Kemih Pada Ibu Hamil (S. Maesaroh dan K. Fatmala).”
[9] MonaA. D. Mahmoud, A. Kamel, S. Ahmed, and AzzaA. A. El-Hamed, “Prevalence of urinary tract infections among pregnant women at Sohag University Hospital,” Egyptian Nursing Journal, vol. 16, no. 3, p. 162, 2019, doi: 10.4103/enj.enj_7_20.
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[11] “International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision Volume 2 Instruction manual.” [Online]. Available: https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en
[12] K. K. Republik et al., “TATA LAKSANA,” 2013.
[13] L. V. Stamm, “Syphilis: Antibiotic treatment and resistance,” Mar. 15, 2015, Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/S0950268814002830.
[14] A. Korespondensi, U. Rinandari, E. Yustin, and E. Sari, “Terapi Sifilis Terkini.”
[15] A. P. Gozali, “Diagnosis, Tatalaksana, dan Pencegahan Hepatitis B dalam Kehamilan.”
[16] R. Yang et al., “Adverse Events During Pregnancy Associated With Entecavir and Adefovir: New Insights From a Real-World Analysis of Cases Reported to FDA Adverse Event Reporting System,” Front Pharmacol, vol. 12, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772768.
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[18] S. M. Sinclair, J. K. Jones, R. K. Miller, M. F. Greene, P. Y. Kwo, and W. C. Maddrey, “The Ribavirin Pregnancy Registry: An Interim Analysis of Potential Teratogenicity at the Mid-Point of Enrollment,” Drug Saf, vol. 40, no. 12, pp. 1205–1218, Dec. 2017, doi: 10.1007/s40264-017-0566-6.
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[20] X. Q. Liu et al., “The role of prophylactic antibiotics in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients at risk of bacterial infection: a retrospective study,” Infect Dis Poverty, vol. 10, no. 1, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1186/s40249-021-00830-7.
[21] Muhammad Asif • Wahab J. Khan, Sadia Aslam, Ifrah Nadeem, and Ashwani K. Singal, “Ceftriaxone-Associated Severe Acute Hepatitis,” vol. 3, no. 15, Mar. 2023.
[22] P. Jepsen, M. V. Skriver, A. Floyd, L. Lipworth, H. C. Schønheyder, and H. T. Sørensen, “A population‐based study of maternal use of amoxicillin and pregnancy outcome in Denmark,” Br J Clin Pharmacol, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 216–221, Feb. 2003, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01750.x.
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[24] M. C. Budani, S. Fensore, M. Di Marzio, and G. M. Tiboni, “Maternal use of fluconazole and congenital malformations in the progeny: A meta-analysis of the literature,” Reproductive Toxicology, vol. 100, pp. 42–51, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.12.018.
[25] D. Soong and A. Einarson, “Vaginal yeast infections during pregnancy.,” Can Fam Physician, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 255–6, Mar. 2009.
[26] P. Ajiji, A. Uzunali, E. Ripoche, E. Vittaz, T. Vial, and P. Maison, “Investigating the efficacy and safety of metronidazole during pregnancy; A systematic review and meta-analysis.,” Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X, vol. 11, p. 100128, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.eurox.2021.100128.
[27] I. Malka and M. Ziv, “Safety of Common Medications for Treating Dermatology Disorders in Pregnant Women,” 2013, Current Medicine Group LLC 1. doi: 10.1007/s13671-013-0062-x.
[28] “Ketoconazole topical Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings,” Drugs.com, Aug. 2023.
[29] N. Kusumawardhani, D. Maulina, and A. U. Hasanah, “Profile Of The Use Of Prophylactic Antibiotics For Cesarean Surgery At Hospital ‘X’ Central Jakarta,” Indonesian Journal of Health Science, vol. 3, no. 2a, pp. 237–243, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.54957/ijhs.v3i2a.461.
[30] I. Beru Brahmana and I. Setyawati, “Evaluasi Pemakaian Antibiotik Profilaksis Ceftriaxone Injeksi dan Cefadroxil Oral Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Post Sectio Caesarea,” SMART MEDICAL JOURNAL, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 2621–0916, 2020, doi: 10.13057/smj.v3i1.42014.
[31] Drugs.com, “Ceftriaxone Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings,” Drugs.com, Aug. 2023.
[32] A. E. Meuret and T. Ritz, “Hyperventilation in panic disorder and asthma: Empirical evidence and clinical strategies,” International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 68–79, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.05.006.
[33] D. Landau, M. H. Seelenfreund, O. Tadmor, B.-Z. Silverstone, Y. Diamant, and R. Service, “The effect of normal childbirth on eyes with abnormalities predisposing to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment,” Graefe’s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 233, no. 9, pp. 598–600, Sep. 1995, doi: 10.1007/BF00404712.
[34] C. Minassian, S. L. Thomas, D. J. Williams, O. Campbell, and L. Smeeth, “Acute Maternal Infection and Risk of Pre-Eclampsia: A Population-Based Case-Control Study,” PLoS One, vol. 8, no. 9, p. e73047, Sep. 2013, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073047.
[35] L. J. Wegrzyniak, J. T. Repke, and S. H. Ural, “Treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum.,” Rev Obstet Gynecol, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 78–84, 2012.
[36] Y. Saitsu, S. Yoneda, and K. Fukuta, “Management of a pregnant woman with a large cervical polyp and moderate genital bleeding in the first trimester,” BMJ Case Rep, vol. 17, no. 3, p. e258163, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1136/bcr-2023-258163.
[37] T. Wakimoto, S. Hayashi, I. Koh, R. Yamamoto, and K. Ishii, “Relationship between unremoved cervical polyp in pregnancy and spontaneous preterm birth,” Am J Obstet Gynecol, vol. 227, no. 6, pp. 899.e1-899.e6, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.06.064.
[38] B. Seelbach-Goebel, “Antibiotic therapy for premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor and effect on fetal outcome,” Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd, vol. 73, no. 12, pp. 1218–1227, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1360195.
[39] T. Rowe, “Placenta Previa,” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 667–668, Aug. 2014, doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30503-X.
[40] Food Drug Association, “Kategori Kehamilan FDA,” 2015.
Published
2025-03-01
How to Cite
Mercya, Y., Tarida Sinaga, D., & Anggoro Parulian, A. (2025). PROFIL PERESEPAN PENGOBATAN INFEKSI PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK KEBIDANAN DAN KANDUNGAN RUMAH SAKIT CAHYA KAWALUYAN. Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedika Journal), 10(1), 32-45. https://doi.org/10.47219/ath.v10i1.406
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Yovita Mercya, Deborah Tarida Sinaga, Adi Anggoro Parulian
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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