FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI KRIM JERAWAT YANG MENGANDUNG ENZIM BROMELAIN KASAR DARI KULIT NANAS TERHADAP Propionibacterium Acnes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47219/ath.v11i1.643Keywords:
antibakteri, bromelain, krim jerawat, limbah kulit nanas, Propionibacterium acnesAbstract
Jerawat merupakan salah satu permasalahan kulit yang banyak disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, sehingga diperlukan pengembangan bahan antibakteri alami yang aman dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu alternatif yang potensial adalah bromelain kasar dari limbah kulit nanas yang memiliki aktivitas proteolitik dan berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan bromelain kasar yang diperoleh dari limbah kulit nanas sebagai komponen bioaktif dalam sediaan krim jerawat dengan menitikberatkan pada mutu formulasi dan aktivitas antibakterinya. Bromelain diperoleh melalui proses ekstraksi, kemudian diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan krim jerawat pada konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dengan kontrol positif berupa klindamisin, serta pengujian sifat fisik yang mencakup homogenitas, daya sebar, pH, uji iritasi, dan uji hedonik. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa bromelain kasar memiliki kadar protein sebesar 24,98 ± 0,41 ?g/mL dan aktivitas enzim sebesar 73,08 ± 2,21 U/mg. Uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa formulasi dengan kandungan bromelain 15% dan 20% menghasilkan zona hambat masing-masing sebesar 1,18 ± 0,11 mm dan 2,10 ± 0,07 mm yang termasuk dalam kategori penghambatan lemah, dengan nilai yang masih lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif klindamisin. Seluruh formulasi menunjukkan homogenitas yang baik, daya sebar berkisar antara 76,33–85,67 cm², dan pH antara 5,4–6,5 yang sesuai dengan pH kulit. Tidak ditemukan respons iritasi, sedangkan hasil uji hedonik menunjukkan peningkatan tingkat kesukaan panelis seiring bertambahnya konsentrasi bromelain. Secara keseluruhan, bromelain kasar dari limbah kulit nanas berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan alami dalam formulasi krim jerawat, meskipun optimasi lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas antibakterinya.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Aisyah, Muhammad Arwani, Hidhyah Nur Cahyaningtyas, Nurmiyati, Laila Mu’arifatus Sa’adah, Yogi Pratama, Ririn Fatma Nanda, Syifa Rabbani
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